US Water Quality Index
Our composite Water Quality Score combines temperature, reservoir levels, and flow rates to rate conditions for swimming, fishing, and recreation.
How We Calculate Water Quality Score (0–100)
Maximum points when water temp is near ideal 71.5°F (22°C) for most recreational activities.
Full points when reservoir is at or near full pool capacity. Low levels reduce score.
Moderate, stable flow (100–5,000 cfs) earns full points. Extreme highs or lows reduce score.
South Branch Rock River At Waupun, Wi
Dutchman Creek At Cyrus St Nr Ashwaubenon, Wi
Bark River At Nagawicka Road At Delafield, Wi
Root River At W. Eight Mile Rd Near Caledonia, Wi
Whittlesey Creek Near Ashland, Wi
Big Rib River At Rib Falls, Wi
Brewery Creek-Upstream Site-At Cross Plains, Wi
Unk Trib To Sb Little Wolf River Nr Ogdensburg, Wi
Yahara River At State Highway 113 At Madison, Wi
Kinnickinnic River Near River Falls, Wi
Glri East River Tile 1 Near Greenleaf, Wi
Wuerches Creek At Ct Hwy B Near Green Lake, Wi
Ashwaubenon Creek At Grant St Nr West Depere, Wi
Turtle Creek At Carvers Rock Road Near Clinton, Wi
Bear River Near Manitowish Waters, Wi
Yahara River @ Forton Street Bridge @ Stoughton,Wi
Yellow River At Necedah, Wi
Green Lake Inlet At Ct Highway A Nr Green Lake, Wi
Sheboygan River At Sheboygan, Wi
Understanding the Water Quality Index
The US Water Quality Index is a composite score designed to give anglers, swimmers, boaters, and outdoor enthusiasts a quick, at-a-glance assessment of water body conditions. Unlike traditional water quality indices that focus on chemical pollutants (which require laboratory analysis), our index uses real-time USGS sensor data to reflect physical conditions relevant to recreation.
Temperature Component (40 points)
Water temperature is the most important factor for recreational fishing, swimming, and wildlife activity. The ideal range for most activities — comfortable for swimming, optimal for bass and walleye fishing — is approximately 65–78°F (18–26°C). Our scoring peaks at 71.5°F and decreases proportionally as temperature moves away from this ideal.
Reservoir Level Component (30 points)
Reservoir levels (measured as a percentage of full pool) reflect drought conditions, drought recovery, flood risk, and overall ecosystem health. A reservoir at full pool (100%) scores maximum points. Severely depleted reservoirs — common during drought — score fewer points. This metric is particularly relevant in western states where water storage is critical.
Flow Rate Component (30 points)
River discharge (measured in cubic feet per second, cfs) indicates safe boating, wading, and kayaking conditions. Moderate, stable flow rates between 100–5,000 cfs are typically ideal for most recreation. Extremely high flows indicate flood risk, while extremely low flows suggest drought stress and limited habitat for fish.