US Water Quality Index
Our composite Water Quality Score combines temperature, reservoir levels, and flow rates to rate conditions for swimming, fishing, and recreation.
How We Calculate Water Quality Score (0–100)
Maximum points when water temp is near ideal 71.5°F (22°C) for most recreational activities.
Full points when reservoir is at or near full pool capacity. Low levels reduce score.
Moderate, stable flow (100–5,000 cfs) earns full points. Extreme highs or lows reduce score.
Allagash River Near Allagash, Maine
E. Br. Penobscot River Below Grand Lake Matagamon
Meduxnekeag River At Lowery Rd. Nr Houlton, Maine
Lewy Lake At Princeton, Maine
St. Croix River At Milltown, Maine
West Grand Lake At Grand Lake Stream, Maine
S. Br. Penobscot River Nr Canada Falls Lake, Maine
Kennebec River At Bingham, Maine
Aroostook River At Washburn, Maine
Piscataquis River At Blanchard, Maine
St. Croix River At Baring, Maine
Big Black River Near Depot Mtn, Maine
North Branch Penobscot River Nr Pittston Farm, Me
Saco River At Cornish, Maine
Aroostook River Near Masardis, Maine
Mattawamkeag River Near Mattawamkeag, Maine
Sandy River Near Mercer, Maine
Piscataquis River At Medford, Maine
Androscoggin River At Rumford, Maine
Spencer Stream Near Grand Falls, Maine
Understanding the Water Quality Index
The US Water Quality Index is a composite score designed to give anglers, swimmers, boaters, and outdoor enthusiasts a quick, at-a-glance assessment of water body conditions. Unlike traditional water quality indices that focus on chemical pollutants (which require laboratory analysis), our index uses real-time USGS sensor data to reflect physical conditions relevant to recreation.
Temperature Component (40 points)
Water temperature is the most important factor for recreational fishing, swimming, and wildlife activity. The ideal range for most activities — comfortable for swimming, optimal for bass and walleye fishing — is approximately 65–78°F (18–26°C). Our scoring peaks at 71.5°F and decreases proportionally as temperature moves away from this ideal.
Reservoir Level Component (30 points)
Reservoir levels (measured as a percentage of full pool) reflect drought conditions, drought recovery, flood risk, and overall ecosystem health. A reservoir at full pool (100%) scores maximum points. Severely depleted reservoirs — common during drought — score fewer points. This metric is particularly relevant in western states where water storage is critical.
Flow Rate Component (30 points)
River discharge (measured in cubic feet per second, cfs) indicates safe boating, wading, and kayaking conditions. Moderate, stable flow rates between 100–5,000 cfs are typically ideal for most recreation. Extremely high flows indicate flood risk, while extremely low flows suggest drought stress and limited habitat for fish.